The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of major depression disorders (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD) in a population-based sample in Catalonia (NE Spain). Study subjects were 45 years and older (n=5068). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were used to apply DSM-5 criteria to diagnose MDD and BPD. The lengths of the depressive episodes were not recorded.

The lifetime prevalence of Single MDD was 4.2%, while Recurrent MDD was 24.1%. Other depressive disorders were detected in 0.4% of the sample. The lifetime prevalence of  bipolar disorder (BPD) was set to 3.0%, with 0.3% BPD Type I, 0.9% BPD type II, and 1.8% other BPD. The authors noted that this is the first population-based study reporting DSM-5 estimated prevalences of depressive and bipolar disorders in this area of Spain. The prevalence of mood disorders was considered to be high in that community, with almost 25% of the population presenting with at least one depressive disorder throughout life.

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Calvó-Perxas L, Garre-Olmo J and Vilalta-Franch J: Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of depressive and bipolar disorders in Catalonia (Spain) using DSM-5 criteria. J. Affective Disord. 184: 97-103 (2015).
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26074018